由本身的波动进入汽缸，提高引擎的容积效率，反之则会导致容积效率下降，此现象称为进气歧管的脉动效应，又
you ben shen de bo dong jin ru qi gang ti gao yin qing de rong ji xiao lv fan zhi ze hui dao zhi rong ji xiao lv xia jiang ci xian xiang cheng wei jin qi qi guan de mai dong xiao ying you
波以音速的大小前后波动。假如进汽歧管的长度设计正确，能让压缩波将在适当的时间到达进汽阀门，则油气可藉
bo yi yin su de da xiao qian hou bo dong jia ru jin qi qi guan de chang du she ji zheng que neng rang ya suo bo jiang zai shi dang de shi jian dao da jin qi fa men ze you qi ke jie
，进汽门前的压力在进汽期间会不断的产生变动，这是由于进汽阀门的开、闭动作，使得进气歧管内产生一股压缩
jin qi men qian de ya li zai jin qi qi jian hui bu duan de chan sheng bian dong zhe shi you yu jin qi fa men de kai bi dong zuo shi de jin qi qi guan nei chan sheng yi gu ya suo
度，由此也引发了与容积效率有关的『脉动』及『惯性』两种效应。 一、脉动效应：引擎除了在极低的转速外
du you ci ye yin fa le yu rong ji xiao lv you guan de mai dong ji guan xing liang zhong xiao ying yi mai dong xiao ying yin qing chu le zai ji di de zhuan su wai
转当时大气状态所引起引擎性能的变化。 进气岐管与容积效率 另一项影响容积效率的重要因素是进气歧管的长
zhuan dang shi da qi zhuang tai suo yin qi yin qing xing neng de bian hua jin qi qi guan yu rong ji xiao lv ling yi xiang ying xiang rong ji xiao lv de zhong yao yin su shi jin qi qi guan de chang
之提高。由此也可看出，容积效率所表现的是引擎构造及运转状态所造成引擎性能的差异，充填效率表现的则是运
zhi ti gao you ci ye ke kan chu rong ji xiao lv suo biao xian de shi yin qing gou zao ji yun zhuan zhuang tai suo zao cheng yin qing xing neng de cha yi chong tian xiao lv biao xian de ze shi yun
m2）占有汽缸活塞行程容积的干燥空气质量的比值。在大气压力高、温度低、密度高时，引擎的充填效率也将随
m2 zhan you qi gang huo sai hang cheng rong ji de gan zao kong qi zhi liang de bi zhi zai da qi ya li gao wen du di mi du gao shi yin qing de chong tian xiao lv ye jiang sui
率"的定义是每一个进气行程中所吸入的空气质量与标准状态下（1大气压、20℃、密定州吧度：1.187kg/c
lv " de ding yi shi mei yi ge jin qi hang cheng zhong suo xi ru de kong qi zhi liang yu biao zhun zhuang tai xia 1 da qi ya 20 mi ding zhou ba du 1.187kg/c
所不同，因此容积效率并不能表现实际上进入汽缸内空气的质量，于是我们必须靠"充填效率"来说明。"充填效
suo bu tong yin ci rong ji xiao lv bing bu neng biao xian shi ji shang jin ru qi gang nei kong qi de zhi liang yu shi wo men bi xu kao " chong tian xiao lv " lai shuo ming " chong tian xiao
速运转时则会降低容积效率。 二、充填效率由于空气的密度是因进气系定州吧统入口的大气状态（温度、压力）而有
su yun zhuan shi ze hui jiang di rong ji xiao lv er chong tian xiao lv you yu kong qi de mi du shi yin jin qi xi ding zhou ba tong ru kou de da qi zhuang tai wen du ya li er you
的降低、汽缸内压力的提高、温度降低、排气回压降低、进汽门面积加大都可提高引擎的容积效率，而引擎在高转
de jiang di qi gang nei ya li de ti gao wen du jiang di pai qi hui ya jiang di jin qi men mian ji jia da dou ke ti gao yin qing de rong ji xiao lv er yin qing zai gao zhuan
体积换算成一大气压下的状态时，一定小于汽缸的体积，也就是说自然吸气引擎的容积效率一定小于１。进气阻力
ti ji huan suan cheng yi da qi ya xia de zhuang tai shi yi ding xiao yu qi gang de ti ji ye jiu shi shuo zi ran xi qi yin qing de rong ji xiao lv yi ding xiao yu jin qi zu li
的标准。并且由于在进行吸气行程时，会遭受各种的进气阻力，加上汽缸内的高温作用，因此定州吧将吸入汽缸内的空气
de biao zhun bing qie you yu zai jin hang xi qi hang cheng shi hui zao shou ge zhong de jin qi zu li jia shang qi gang nei de gao wen zuo yong yin ci ding zhou ba jiang xi ru qi gang nei de kong qi
缸时，汽缸内的压力比外在的大气压力为低，而且压力值会有所变化，所以采用一大气压的状态下的体积作为共通
gang shi qi gang nei de ya li bi wai zai de da qi ya li wei di er qie ya li zhi hui you suo bian hua suo yi cai yong yi da qi ya de zhuang tai xia de ti ji zuo wei gong tong
的体积和汽缸活塞行程容积的定州吧比值。之所以要用在所吸入空气在大气压力下所占的体积为标准，是因为空气进入汽
de ti ji he qi gang huo sai hang cheng rong ji de ding zhou ba bi zhi zhi suo yi yao yong zai suo xi ru kong qi zai da qi ya li xia suo zhan de ti ji wei biao zhun shi yin wei kong qi jin ru qi
积效率』及『充填效率』来衡量。『容积效率』的定义是每一个进气行程中，汽缸所吸入的空气在大气压力下所占
ji xiao lv ji chong tian xiao lv lai heng liang rong ji xiao lv de ding yi shi mei yi ge jin qi hang cheng zhong qi gang suo xi ru de kong qi zai da qi ya li xia suo zhan
转时，每一循环所能定州吧获得的空气量多少，是决定引擎动力大小的基本因素，而引擎的进气能力乃是藉由引擎的『容
zhuan shi mei yi xun huan suo neng ding zhou ba huo de de kong qi liang duo shao shi jue ding yin qing dong li da xiao de ji ben yin su er yin qing de jin qi neng li nai shi jie you yin qing de rong
喷油嘴喷出的汽油混合后形成适当比例的油气，由进汽门送入汽缸内点火燃烧，产生动力。一、 容积效率引擎运
pen you zui pen chu de qi you hun he hou xing cheng shi dang bi li de you qi you jin qi men song ru qi gang nei dian huo ran shao chan sheng dong li yi rong ji xiao lv yin qing yun
清器、进气歧管、进汽定州吧门机构。空气经空气滤清器过滤掉杂质后，流过空气流量计，经由进气道进入进气歧管，与
qing qi jin qi qi guan jin qi ding zhou ba men ji gou kong qi jing kong qi lv qing qi guo lv diao za zhi hou liu guo kong qi liu liang ji jing you jin qi dao jin ru jin qi qi guan yu
《改装天书》---汽车改装的全方位知识(5)八：进气系统改装进气系统的工作原理 进气系统包含了空气滤
gai zhuang tian shu --- qi che gai zhuang de quan fang wei zhi shi (5) ba jin qi xi tong gai zhuang jin qi xi tong de gong zuo yuan li jin qi xi tong bao han le kong qi lv