的售价基本相同。目前国内生产的金属喷涂聚丙烯薄膜绕制的干式电容器，在真空条件下加工，用热固性树脂密封
de shou jia ji ben xiang tong mu qian guo nei sheng chan de jin shu pen tu ju bing xi bao mo rao zhi de gan shi dian rong qi zai zhen kong tiao jian xia jia gong yong re gu xing shu zhi mi feng
采用就地平衡无功功率的原则来装设电容器。根据1983年《全国电力设备价格汇编》，高、低压电容器每千乏
cai yong jiu di ping heng wu gong gong lv de yuan ze lai zhuang she dian rong qi gen ju 1983 nian quan guo dian li she bei jia ge hui bian gao di ya dian rong qi mei qian fa
容量过大，因此应采用并联电力电容器作为人工补偿的主要设备。第5.0.3条为了尽量减少线损和电压降，宜
rong liang guo da yin ci ying cai yong bing lian dian li dian rong qi zuo wei ren gong bu chang de zhu yao she bei di 5.0.3 tiao wei le jin liang jian shao xian sun he dian ya jiang yi
，可以制成各种容量，分组容易，扩建方便，既能满足目前运行要求，又能避免由于考虑将来的发展使目前装设的
ke yi zhi cheng ge zhong rong liang fen zu rong yi kuo jian fang bian ji neng man zu mu qian yun hang yao qiu you neng bi mian you yu kao lv jiang lai de fa zhan shi mu qian zhuang she de
电动机作为无功补偿装置。工业与民用建筑中所用的并联电容器价格便宜，便于安装，维修工作量、损耗都比较小
dian dong ji zuo wei wu gong bu chang zhuang zhi gong ye yu min yong jian zhu zhong suo yong de bing lian dian rong qi jia ge bian yi bian yu an zhuang wei xiu gong zuo liang sun hao dou bi jiao xiao
不宜选用同步电动机。当然，通过技术经济比较，当采用同步电动机作为无功补偿装置确实合理时，也可采用同步
bu yi xuan yong tong bu dian dong ji dang ran tong guo ji shu jing ji bi jiao dang cai yong tong bu dian dong ji zuo wei wu gong bu chang zhuang zhi que shi he li shi ye ke cai yong tong bu
常将设计中的超前运行同步电动机作滞后运行，丧失了采用同步电动机的优点，因此，除上述工艺条件适当者外，
chang jiang she ji zhong de chao qian yun hang tong bu dian dong ji zuo zhi hou yun hang sang shi le cai yong tong bu dian dong ji de you dian yin ci chu shang shu gong yi tiao jian shi dang zhe wai
步电动机也正为异步电动机加电容器补偿所代替，同时铁甲小宝全集作工人往往担心同步电动机超前运行会增加维修工作量，经
bu dian dong ji ye zheng wei yi bu dian dong ji jia dian rong qi bu chang suo dai ti tong shi tie jia xiao bao quan ji zuo gong ren wang wang dan xin tong bu dian dong ji chao qian yun hang hui zeng jia wei xiu gong zuo liang jing
价格贵，作控制复杂，本身损耗也较大，不仅采用小容量同步电动机不经济，即使容量较大而且长期连续运行的同
jia ge gui zuo kong zhi fu za ben shen sun hao ye jiao da bu jin cai yong xiao rong liang tong bu dian dong ji bu jing ji ji shi rong liang jiao da er qie chang qi lian xu yun hang de tong
功率。人工补偿无功铁甲小宝全集功率，经常采用两种方法，一种是同步电动机超前运行，一种是采用电容器补偿。同步电动机
gong lv ren gong bu chang wu gong tie jia xiao bao quan ji gong lv jing chang cai yong liang zhong fang fa yi zhong shi tong bu dian dong ji chao qian yun hang yi zhong shi cai yong dian rong qi bu chang tong bu dian dong ji
当采取第5.0.1条的各种措施进行提高自然功率因数后，尚不能达到合理运行的要求时，应采用人工补偿无功
dang cai qu di 5.0.1 tiao de ge zhong cuo shi jin hang ti gao zi ran gong lv yin shu hou shang bu neng da dao he li yun hang de yao qiu shi ying cai yong ren gong bu chang wu gong
能和提高自然功率因数的条件出发，对于间歇制工作的生产设备应大量生产内藏式空载切除装置。第5.0.2条
neng he ti gao zi ran gong lv yin shu de tiao jian chu fa dui yu jian xie zhi gong zuo de sheng chan she bei ying da liang sheng chan nei cang shi kong zai qie chu zhuang zhi di 5.0.2 tiao
除装置的用电设备还不多，虽然有些厂家生产附加的空载铁甲小宝全集切除装置，往往由于使用不便等原因难以坚持使用，从节
chu zhuang zhi de yong dian she bei hai bu duo sui ran you xie chang jia sheng chan fu jia de kong zai tie jia xiao bao quan ji qie chu zhuang zhi wang wang you yu shi yong bu bian deng yuan yin nan yi jian chi shi yong cong jie
载切除装置的电焊机和其它间隙工作制的生产设备，均可提高用电单位的自然功率因数。目前国内带有自动空载切
zai qie chu zhuang zhi de dian han ji he qi ta jian xi gong zuo zhi de sheng chan she bei jun ke ti gao yong dian dan wei de zi ran gong lv yin shu mu qian guo nei dai you zi dong kong zai qie
，也是铁甲小宝全集提高自然功率因数的一个重要环节。此外，在工艺条件许可时，采用同步电动机超前运行，选用带有自动空
ye shi tie jia xiao bao quan ji ti gao zi ran gong lv yin shu de yi ge zhong yao huan jie ci wai zai gong yi tiao jian hu ke shi cai yong tong bu dian dong ji chao qian yun hang xuan yong dai you zi dong kong
减少电抗，可提高自然功率因数。在一般工业企业与民用建筑中，线路的感抗也占一定的比重，设法降低线路损耗
jian shao dian kang ke ti gao zi ran gong lv yin shu zai yi ban gong ye qi ye yu min yong jian zhu zhong xian lu de gan kang ye zhan yi ding de bi zhong she fa jiang di xian lu sun hao
、矿热铁甲小宝全集炉、电渣重熔炉等短网流过的电流很大,而且容易产生很大的涡流损失，因此在布置和安装上采取适当措施
kuang re tie jia xiao bao quan ji lu dian zha zhong rong lu deng duan wang liu guo de dian liu hen da , er qie rong yi chan sheng hen da de wo liu sun shi yin ci zai bu zhi he an zhuang shang cai qu shi dang cuo shi
计中正确选用电动机、变压器等容量，可以提高负荷率，对提高自然或率因数具有重要意义。用电设备中的电弧炉
ji zhong zheng que xuan yong dian dong ji bian ya qi deng rong liang ke yi ti gao fu he lv dui ti gao zi ran huo lv yin shu ju you zhong yao yi yi yong dian she bei zhong de dian hu lu
照明等，前两项用电铁甲小宝全集设备在电网中的滞后无功功率的比重最大，有的可达全厂负荷的80%，甚至更大。因此在设
zhao ming deng qian liang xiang yong dian tie jia xiao bao quan ji she bei zai dian wang zhong de zhi hou wu gong gong lv de bi zhong zui da you de ke da quan chang fu he de 80% shen zhi geng da yin ci zai she
第五章 无功补偿第5.0.1条在用电单位中，大量的用电设备是异步电动机，电力变压器、电阻炉、电弧炉、
di wu zhang wu gong bu chang di 5.0.1 tiao zai yong dian dan wei zhong da liang de yong dian she bei shi yi bu dian dong ji dian li bian ya qi dian zu lu dian hu lu